All links accessed November 1 2018

1. Public Health England. Gastrointestinal infections: guidance, data and analysis. Published July 1 2014, last updated August 6 2018. https://www.gov.uk/government/collections/gastrointestinal-infections-guidance-data-and-analysis

2. CC Tam et al. ‘Longitudinal study of infectious intestinal disease in the UK (IID2 study): incidence in the community and presenting to general practice’. Gut 2012. 61:69-77. https://gut.bmj.com/content/61/1/69

3. Working Group of the former PHLS Advisory Committee on Gastrointestinal Infections. ‘Preventing person-to-person spread following gastrointestinal infections: guidelines for public health physicians and environmental health officers’. Commun Dis Public Health 2004; 7(4): 362-384. https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/preventing-person-to-person-gastrointestinal-infections

4. NHS. Diarrhoea and vomiting. Page last reviewed: 16/04/2018. https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/diarrhoea-and-vomiting/

5. PHE. Notifiable diseases and causative organisms: how to report. Published 1 May 2010. https://www.gov.uk/guidance/notifiable-diseases-and-causative-organisms-how-to-report#list-of-notifiable-diseases in England and Wales

6. Public Health etc. (Scotland) Act 2008. http://www.legislation.gov.uk/asp/2008/5/schedule/1

7. Public health Agency, Northern Ireland. ‘One for the records: Notifiable infectious diseases’. https://www.niinfectioncontrolmanual.net/sites/default/files/One%20for%20the%20records.pdf

8. PHE. ‘Common gastrointestinal infections, England and Wales: laboratory reports weeks 48 to 52, 2017’. Updated 12 January 2018. https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/common-gastrointestinal-infections-in-england-and-wales-laboratory-reports-in-2017/common-gastrointestinal-infections-england-and-wales-laboratory-reports-weeks-48-to-52-2017

9. Public Health Wales. Food Poisoning. Last updated: 20 February 2017. http://www.wales.nhs.uk/sitesplus/888/page/43714

10. Public health Agency, Northern Ireland. E. coli O157. http://www.publichealth.hscni.net/directorate-public-health/health-protection/e-coli-o157

11. CDC Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. ‘E.coli (Escherichia coli)’. Page last updated: February 26, 2018. https://www.cdc.gov/ecoli/general/index.html

12. SJ O'Brian et al. ‘Modelling study to estimate the health burden of foodborne diseases: cases, general practice consultations and hospitalisations in the UK, 2009’. BMJ Open 2016;6:e011119. https://bmjopen.bmj.com/content/6/9/e011119

13. RI Glass et al. ‘Norovirus Gastroenteritis’. N Engl J Med. 2009 Oct 29; 361(18): 10.1056/NEJMra0804575. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3880795/

14. PHE National norovirus and rotavirus Report Summary of surveillance of norovirus and rotavirus 25 October 2018 – Week 43 report (data to week 41). https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/750957/Norovirus_update_2018_weeks_40_to_41.pdf

15. GI Parra et al. Static and Evolving Norovirus Genotypes: Implications for Epidemiology and Immunity. PLoS Pathog 13(1): e1006136. https://journals.plos.org/plospathogens/article?id=10.1371/journal.ppat.1006136

16. RC Orchard et al. ‘Identification of anti-norovirus genes in human cells using genome-wide CRISPR activation screening’. J Virol. 2018 Oct 10. pii: JVI.01324-18. https://jvi.asm.org/content/early/2018/10/08/JVI.01324-18.long

17. PHE. Rotavirus: guidance, data and analysis. Published 1 April 2013. Last updated 18 October 2018. https://www.gov.uk/government/collections/rotavirus-guidance-data-and-analysis

18. DE Becker. ‘Nausea, Vomiting, and Hiccups: A Review of Mechanisms and Treatment’. Anesth Prog. 2010 Winter; 57(4): 150–157. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3006663/

19. IV Pinchuk. Staphylococcal Enterotoxins. Toxins (Basel). 2010 Aug; 2(8): 2177–2197. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3153290/

20. MÁ Argudín et al. ‘Food Poisoning and Staphylococcus aureus Enterotoxins’. Toxins (Basel). 2010 Jul; 2(7): 1751–1773. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3153270/

21. TJ Johnson and LK Nolan. ‘Pathogenomics of the Virulence Plasmids of Escherichia coli’. Microbiol Mol Biol Rev. 2009 Dec; 73(4): 750–774. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2786578/

22. Science Daily. ‘Mechanism behind virally-caused vomiting identified’. July 18 2011. https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2011/07/110718085218.htm

23. NHS. Norovirus (vomiting bug). Page last reviewed: 23/04/2018. https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/norovirus/

24. NHS. What are the incubation periods for infections? Page last reviewed: 21/11/2016. https://www.nhs.uk/common-health-questions/infections/what-are-the-incubation-periods-for-infections/

25. JM Steckelberg, Mayo Clinic. ‘Stomach flu: How long am I contagious?’. February 20 2018. https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/viral-gastroenteritis/expert-answers/stomach-flu/faq-20057899

26. M Summa and L Maunula. ‘Rapid Detection of Human Norovirus in Frozen Raspberries’. Food Environ Virol (2018) 10: 51. https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007%2Fs12560-017-9321-5

27. KA Walsh et al. ‘Outbreaks Associated with Cantaloupe, Watermelon, and Honeydew in the United States, 1973–2011’. Foodborne Pathog Dis. 2014 Dec; 11(12): 945–952. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4627691/

28. European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control. Facts about norovirus. Page last updated 26 Jun 2017. https://ecdc.europa.eu/en/norovirus-infection/facts

29. M Girard et al. ‘Attachment of Noroviruses to Stainless Steel and Their Inactivation, Using Household Disinfectants’. Journal of Food Protection 2010. 73;2:400-404. http://pinnacle.allenpress.com/doi/pdf/10.4315/0362-028X-73.2.400

30. Public Health Wales Health Protection. Tableau Public. ‘All Wales data, Notifications of Food Poisoning per week for 2018 and three week moving average of notifications over previous three years’. Data updated 29/10/2018. https://public.tableau.com/profile/public.health.wales.health.protection#!/vizhome/NotificationsofFOODPOISONINGinWales2014-2017/Dashboard2

31. NICE CKS. Gastroenteritis. Last revised in September 2017. https://cks.nice.org.uk/gastroenteritis

32. NHS Inform. Vomiting in adults. Last updated: 01 May 2018. https://www.nhsinform.scot/illnesses-and-conditions/stomach-liver-and-gastrointestinal-tract/vomiting-in-adults

33. NICE. Interactive Flowchart. ‘Diarrhoea and vomiting in children overview’. https://pathways.nice.org.uk/pathways/diarrhoea-and-vomiting-in-children/diarrhoea-and-vomiting-in-children-overview