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All links accessed February 28 2023

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  16. Mayo Clinic. Achalasia. March 5 2022. https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/achalasia/symptoms-causes/syc-20352850
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  22. JSW Lee et al. ‘Does Low Dose Angiotensin Converting Enzyme Inhibitor Prevent Pneumonia in Older People With Neurologic Dysphagia–A Randomized Placebo-Controlled Trial’. JAMDA. August 1 2015. 16;8: 702-707. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1525861015003473
  23. emc electronic medicines compendium. https://www.medicines.org.uk/emc
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  27. Parkinson’s Disease Society. Information sheet. ‘Drug-induced Parkinsonism’. Revised November 2008. https://www.parkinsons.org.uk/sites/default/files/2018-09/FS38%20Drug%20induced%20parkinsonism_0.pdf
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  30. The International Dysphagia Diet Standardisation Initiative (IDDSI). The IDDSI Framework. July 2019. https://iddsi.org/Framework
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  33. A Zakaria et al. ‘Bethanechol Improves Dysphagia Symptoms in Patients with Ineffective Esophageal Motility Disorder’. American Journal of Gastroenterology. October 2016. 111():p S214. https://journals.lww.com/ajg/fulltext/2016/10001/bethanechol_improves_dysphagia_symptoms_in.473.aspx
  34. Specialist Pharmacy Service. ‘Thickening liquid medicines’. Published 2 July 2021. https://www.sps.nhs.uk/articles/thickening-liquid-medicines/
  35. Specialist Pharmacy Service. ‘Preparing medicines for administration to adults with swallowing difficulties’. Published 2 July 2021, last updated 2 March 2022. https://www.sps.nhs.uk/articles/preparing-medicines-for-administration-to-adults-with-swallowing-difficulties/
  36. Specialist Pharmacy Service. ‘Choosing formulations of medicines for adults with swallowing difficulties’. Published 25 June 2021, last updated 20 February 2023. https://www.sps.nhs.uk/articles/choosing-formulations-of-medicines-for-adults-with-swallowing-difficulties/

 

 

 

 

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